Human Performance & Limitations

This subject covers the pilot's physiology and psychology — how the body and mind respond to flight conditions and how to avoid errors caused by human limitations.

Topics

Hypoxia

Hypoxia is an oxygen deficiency that degrades pilot performance as altitude increases. Its symptoms can be subtle, so recognising them early is critical for safety.

Spatial disorientation

Spatial disorientation occurs when the senses give misleading cues about the aircraft's attitude. Trusting the instruments is the only reliable defence.